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TITLE |
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DOCUMENT ID |
6132
Ladder and Scaffold Safety |
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1.0
Purpose
Working at elevation on ladders and
scaffolding is an identified hazard issue, recognized
by JSA, that requires employee training, routine inspections, and
maintenance. Ladder and scaffold safety requirements used to reduce risks are
based on the laws, regulations, and references outlined in ES&H Manual Chapter 2410 Appendix T1:
Hazard Issues List.
2.0
Scope
The following categories of ladders and scaffolding are available for use at Jefferson Lab.
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Ladders |
Scaffolds |
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·
Fixed: permanently
attached to a building or structure ·
Portable o step – self-supporting ladder with
flat steps and small platform o extension – a ladder
having two or more sections joined by a sliding mechanism that allows the
ladder to be extended to the total length o mobile ladder stand - fixed-height,
self-supporting ladder consisting of wide, flat treads in the form of steps
accessing a top step - assembly may include
handrails - intended for use by one person o mobile ladder stand platform - fixed-height,
self-supporting unit having one or more standing levels, provided with means
of access or egress to the platform or platforms - assembly may include
handrails and/or guardrails |
· Baker Type o
is easily transportable o
narrow in design o
can be manually
moved, if on casters ·
Tube and Coupler o
uses tubes for posts, bearers, braces, and ties o
special couplers connect the parts o
casters may be used · Tubular Welded Frame o
uses
prefabricated welded sections that serve as posts and horizontal bearers o
the deck
can be built with (as marked) scaffold-grade lumber or manufactured deck boards
spanning the end-frames |
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The only
type of ladders authorized for use are ANSI Type I – heavy duty, 250 pounds
– or greater. All ladders are to meet the following, current ANSI standards (as
applicable):
The use of
non-ANSI-rated portable ladders or step stools is not authorized. These
restrictions can be waived, on a case-by-case basis, by the ES&H Director
only. (Refer to Chapter
2410, Appendix T1: Hazard Issues List for other federal, state, and local
requirements applicable to these topics.) |
All ladders and scaffolding components used on behalf of TJNAF must be in good working order. Equipment is inspected prior to use, or daily if in continual use. Items found to be in-need-of repair are taken out of service until the appropriate repairs have been made; or, they are removed from site if owned by a subcontractor.
3.0
Responsibilities
Note: Management
authority may be delegated to a task-qualified TJNAF employee at the discretion
of the responsible manager.
Training: Contact the Industrial
Safety Group for questions regarding ladder and
scaffold safety training.
3.1 Ladder and Scaffold Workers
· notify your supervisor if you have any health or physical condition that would affect your safety when working at an elevated height
· request guidance from your supervisor for ladders or scaffolds with which you are unfamiliar
· complete SAF307 Ladder Safety training before using a ladder
· wear appropriate personal protection equipment (PPE) when assembling, using, and disassembling scaffolding
· obtain authorization for scaffold use from the appointed Competent Person – Scaffold
· abide by hazard mitigation training provided by Competent Person – Scaffold
· inspect, assemble, use, and store ladders & scaffolds in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and TJNAF requirements
· if repair or maintenance is necessary, tag the ladder out-of-service and contact the appropriate ES&H liaison or safety warden
· review and abide by the determination of the Scaffold Inspection Checklist prior to mounting the structure
3.2 Competent Person - Scaffold
·
complete
applicable ladder and scaffold training
· ensure scaffold workers are appropriately briefed and/or authorized
·
provide scaffold workers with the hazard mitigation training associated with the
assigned scaffold
·
plan, select, inspect, and maintain scaffold
equipment in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and TJNAF
requirements
·
explain
the erection procedure to scaffold workers
·
monitor
scaffold erection
·
inspect
completed structure before initial use and before each shift thereafter
·
address
personnel questions or concerns regarding the construction and/or safety of the
scaffolding
3.3
ES&H
Liaison and Safety Wardens
· inspect fixed and portable ladders in your area of responsibility during routine safety observations and/or monthly inspections
· facilitate repairs and maintenance as required
3.4 Supervisors, Technical Representatives (TR) and Sponsors
· only purchase and authorize the use of ladders that meet or exceed ANSI Type I (heavy duty – 250 pounds; or greater) ladders
· ensure ladders and scaffolds are inspected, set-up, used, and stored in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and TJNAFs requirements
· only assign ladder and scaffold work to those who are appropriately trained and qualified
· only authorize the use of equipment that is in good working order
· designate a Competent Person – Scaffold for the duration of the scaffold work (refer to 6132, Appendix T2: Scaffold for further information)
· coordinate with Occupational Medicine if health conditions or medication prevents a ladder or scaffold worker from using the equipment
Technical Representatives also ensure subcontractors are adequately trained and qualified, minimally, to TJNAF requirements (refer to appendices 6132 T1: Ladders and T2: Scaffolds) or equivalent. Submit equivalency documentation to Industrial Safety for approval.
· provide portable ladder safety training (SAF307)
· provide scaffold training
· review and, if adequate, accept equivalent training qualification documentation
· serve as the technical point-of-contact for ladders and scaffolds
4.0
Technical Appendices
T1: Ladders provides appropriate actions for inspection, set-up, use, and storage of ladders available at Jefferson Lab.
T2:
Scaffolds
delineates the procedures by which scaffolds are to be inspected, assembled,
disassembled, and stored.
T3: Ladder Use on Scaffold or Elevated
Platform provides the necessary requirements for ladder use on platforms.
T4: Scaffold Inspection Procedure directs performance of the initial, and subsequent, daily
inspections as well as how inspection results are communicated to appropriate
individuals.
5.0
Revision History
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summary |
date |
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3.0 |
period
review edits made are as follows - Section
2.0, added Ladder with flat steps and small platform; changed stamped to as marked; added Non-ANSI rated portable ladders or step stools to
ANSI Type I-authorized Ladders box; removed the required training table - Section
3.0, added Note; added Training statement; - Section
4.0, revised to reduce redundancies - Section
5.0, updated header to Revision History and changed to this tabular format - throughout,
corrected misspellings; changed scaffold inspection frequency from daily to
before each shift; updated SOTR to TR; fixed acronyms and abbreviations as
needed - removed
inactive training and their links – SAF303A, B & C – throughout; an
all-inclusive training program is being developed - changed
TPOC from BManzlak to RKenney - general
editing to include format, header & footer (+color), hyperlinks, etc. by JAllen, ES&H Manual Editor |
12.06.2023 |
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period
review - no changes
per TPOC |
10.14.2018 |
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2.4 |
period
review; minor clarifications with no substantive changes;
review cycle adjusted to reflect high risk category |
11.04.2015 |
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2.3 |
Added Required Safety Training Table |
05.20.2014 |
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2.2 |
Updated training requirements for 2.2 Competent
Person –Scaffold; updated scaffold definitions; changed TPOC from N.Walker to
B.Manzlak |
01.30.2014 |
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2.1 |
Added content Appendix T3 Ladder Use on Scaffold or
Elevated Platform |
07.27.2011 |
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2.0 |
Only ANSI Type I (heavy duty – 250 pounds) ladders (or
greater) are authorized for use |
03.24.2011 |
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1.0 |
updated to reflect current laboratory operations |
06.07.2010 |
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ISSUING AUTHORITY |
TECHNICAL
POINT-OF-CONTACT |
APPROVAL DATE |
NEXT REVIEW DATE |
REVIEW CYCLE |
rev |
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ES&H Division |
10.24.2018 |
12.06.2026 |
3 years |
3.0 |
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